**On October 13**, 2023, Israeli army strikes on a group of 7 journalists in south Lebanon, which killed Reuters journalist Issam Abdullah & injured 6 others. This appears beeing a direct attack on civilians that must be investigated as a war crime. ## **Chronology of Events** **Before the Attack** **Around 5:00 PM,** a group of seven journalists gathered near the village of Alma al-Chaab, Tyre governorate, in southern Lebanon. They were reporting on hostilities near the Lebanese-Israeli border, filming ongoing clashes between Israeli forces and Hizbullah.The group included journalists from Reuters, AFP, and Al Jazeera. **Surveillance by Israeli Forces (5:00–6:00 PM):** Israeli surveillance assets, including an Apache helicopter and possibly a drone, circled above the area for over 40 minutes before the attack. The group was stationary, giving Israeli forces ample time to identify them as civilians and journalists. **First Strike (6:02 PM):** An Israeli tank fired a 120mm round (likely an M339 projectile) from positions near Jordeikh in Israel. Issam Abdallah (Reuters) was killed instantly while sitting on a stone ledge. Christina Assi (AFP) suffered severe injuries, losing her leg. **Second Strike (6:03 PM):** A second projectile, 37 seconds later, likely a guided missile, struck near the journalists, hitting the Al Jazeera car, which caught fire. The explosion caused additional injuries, including to Dylan Collins (AFP) wounded by shrapnel, Carmen Joukhadar (Al Jazeera) suffering of severe shrapnel injuries, Elie Brakhya (Al Jazeera) suffering of a crushed shoulder and severe arm injuries, Maher Nazeh and Thaier Al-Sudani (Reuters) suffering of shrapnel injuries. **Aftermath** Survivors scrambled to assist each other amid the chaos. Verified videos showed injured journalists and the burning Al Jazeera car. ## **Victims and Impact:** **Killed:** - Issam Abdallah (Reuters) **Injured:** - Christina Assi (AFP): Lost one leg. - Dylan Collins (AFP): Shrapnel wounds. - Maher Nazeh (Reuters): Shrapnel injuries. - Thaier Al-Sudani (Reuters): Injuries on the left side of the body. - Carmen Joukhadar (Al Jazeera): Shrapnel wounds. - Elie Brakhya (Al Jazeera): Severe arm injuries and shoulder damage. ## **Weapons used by Israli Army :** The weapons used in the attack on the journalists in south Lebanon on October 13, 2023, were analyzed by Amnesty International: **120mm Tank Round:** The first strike, which killed Issam Abdallah and severely injured Christina Assi, was identified as a 120mm tank round, most likely an M339 projectile, fired from Israeli positions near the villages of Al-Nawaqir and Jordeikh. This type of weapon was manufactured by the Israeli company IMI Systems. An AFP investigation conducted with Airwars, showed that the first strike involved a 120-milimeter tank shell only used by the Israeli army in this region. Amnesty and Human Rights Watch also concluded that the first strike that killed Abdallah and severely wounded Assi was most likely a tank round fired from Israel. **Small Guided Missile:** The second strike, which occurred 37 seconds after the first, hit near an Al Jazeera vehicle, causing it to catch fire. This weapon was likely a small guided missile, though the exact model and launch platform could not be identified. ## **Amnesty International Lab investigation shows :** - Amnesty International’s investigation included over 100 verified videos, photos, witness interviews, and forensic analysis. - The journalists were clearly identifiable as civilians, wearing press vests and positioned in an open, visible location. Journalists wore helmets and flak vests marked “press”. Vehicles were visibly marked, with one car labeled “TV”. The location was an open hill with clear visibility, devoid of any military presence. - An Israeli Apache helicopter and drone surveilled the area for over 40 minutes before the strikes. - Two strikes occurred 37 seconds apart, the first involving a 120mm tank round, likely an M339 projectile, and the second a small guided missile. - No evidence of military objectives or fighters was found in the journalists' vicinity. ## **Other investigations** For its investigation, Reuters worked with the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), an independent research institute which works with the Dutch defense ministry. The probe pointed to "the tail fin of a 120 mm tank round fired by a smoothbore tank gun positioned 1.34 km away from the reporters, across the Lebanese border." It analyzed evidence from the scene, satellite images and hours of footage, including footage from Italian broadcaster Rai "that showed the launch point of the second strike as well as the tank round in flight, and the audio of the firing and the impact of both rounds taken from Al Jazeera's live feed." "Using the Al Jazeera audio, TNO calculated the interval between the sound of the two strikes and the thud of the muzzle blasts to determine that the firing point was 1,343 metres away from the reporters, (..) It said the sound signatures from the strikes matched, showing they were both tank rounds fired from the same position." It determined they originated from an Israeli military outpost in Jordeikh next to the border. ## Reuter statement after investigation (Dec 2023) According to Reuters editor-in-chief Alessandra Galloni, "The evidence we now have, and have published today, shows that an Israeli tank crew killed our colleague Issam Abdallah," (...) "We call on Israel to explain how this could have happened and to hold to account those responsible for his death and the wounding of Christina Assi of the AFP, our colleagues Thaier al-Sudani and Maher Nazeh, and the three other reporters," ## IDF Statements and Denial: Israeli UN Envoy Gilad Erdan stated: “We would never want to hit or kill any journalist... but you know, we’re in a state of war.” The Israeli military announced the incident was “under review.”. One years later, this war crime stays unpunished and no investigation result was communicated to the victims. **Sources :** [1](https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/12/lebanon-deadly-israeli-attack-on-journalists-must-be-investigated-as-a-war-crime/) [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmcPUzR9KE8&ab_channel=Reporterssansfronti%C3%A8res) [3](https://www.dailysabah.com/world/mid-east/reuters-probe-finds-israel-tank-fire-killed-journalist-in-lebanon)

**Saeed Al-Taweel** was editor-in-chief of *Al-Khamsa news agency*, **Mohammed Rizq Sobh** was a photojournalist for *Khabar news agency*, **Hisham Al-Nawajiha** was a correspondent with *Khabar news agency*. **On October 9**, while covering the violent bombing of Gaza City, journalists Saeed Radwan al-Taweel, a resident of the Rafah Governorate in the south and editor-in-chief of the Al-Khamsa News website, and journalist Mohammad Rizq Sobh, a resident of Gaza and photographer for Khabar Agency, were killed. In the same bombing, journalist Hisham Al-Nawajiha, who was also covering the events, was severely injured and died later that same day. **Saeed Al-Taweel** was a Palestinian journalist living in Rafah, southern Gaza. On October 9, while covering Israeli attacks in Gaza, he was killed after being targeted by an Israeli rocket. While filming events, Saeed and his news team were ordered by Israeli forces to leave their office before it was bombed. They relocated and continued filming, but that location was also struck, resulting in the deaths of both Mohammad Rizq Sobh and Saeed Al-Taweel. The Israeli army targeted the Al-Hiji building in Gaza City, which housed several media offices. All the journalists were wearing their press jackets and were on duty during the assault. Hisham Al-Nawajiha ### UNESCO Director-General [Statement](https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-director-general-deplores-deaths-journalists-saeed-al-taweel-mohammed-sobboh-and-hisham?hub=72609) : "16 October 2023 (Last update:10 September 2024) I deplore the death of journalists Saeed Al-Taweel, Mohammed Sobboh and Hisham Alnwajha and I request an independent investigation to determine the circumstances of this tragedy. Journalists covering conflict situations must be protected as civilians, in accordance with international humanitarian law and UN Security Council Resolution 2222/2015 on the protection of journalists, media professional and associated personnel in situations of conflict. UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay UNESCO Director-General (...) The three journalists were killed in an airstrike on Gaza on 10 October 2023. Reports indicate the three were covering the evacuation of a nearby residential building when the missile strike occurred. UNESCO promotes the safety of journalists through global awareness-raising, capacity building and by coordinating the implementation of the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity. "

### First massacre Around, an Israeli airstrike targeted a house belonging to the Al-Khalidi family, near the Fares roundabout in Bureij, central Gaza. [4 people were killed](https://x.com/Qadeyah1/status/1843709599175868578) 1. Abdurrahim Shadi Al-Khalidi 2. Fadi Abdurrahim Al-Khalidi 3. Abdurrahman Fadi Al-Khalidi 4. Mohammed Rami Al-Khalidi ### Second massacre Moments before midnight, an Israeli airstrike targeted the Al-Khalidi family home in Block 6 of Bureij camp, central Gaza. This was the **second time under 24 hours** that the family was targeted. A few minutes later, Israeli drones [dropped bombs](https://x.com/Hamzaalnamla1/status/1843752663504302106) around the house. Three people were killed including an [infant boy](https://x.com/abdallahatar/status/1843756830071386232). Injuries were [transferred](https://x.com/Hamzaalnamla1/status/1843760227281485913) from Al-Awda Hospital to Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital due to their severity.

At-Tuwani (التواني) is a small Palestinian village in the South Hebron Hills, southeast of Yatta and near the Israeli settlement of Ma’on with a population of 194 residents (2017) and is known for its cave dwellings. Since 1967, At-Tuwani has been under Israeli control, affecting its administrative and legal status. A village council was established in 1994, overseeing At-Tuwani and neighboring hamlets. ## Harassment and apartheid Settlement of Ma’on established in 1982, with further outposts and expansions, often leading to settler attacks on Palestinians. Settlers from Havat Ma’on have frequently attacked Palestinian shepherds, farmers, and international observers. Their violence includes poisoning water sources, contaminating grazing areas, and direct attacks. At-Tuwani hosts the only local school, attended by children who must pass near the settler outpost, risking frequent attacks. Many buildings, including the local school, face demolition orders. Attempts to build a kindergarten and clinic were obstructed, with the clinic’s construction declared illegal. A weekly clinic funded by a European NGO serves local residents, but it faces limitations due to the ongoing restrictions and lack of permits. No running water in At-Tuwani; residents rely on rainwater cisterns and face challenges obtaining water infrastructure permits. Efforts to connect to the Israeli water network have seen limited success due to the area’s designation as Area C, under Israeli control. Many homes and lands are at risk due to exclusion from the Israeli Civil Administration's master plan. Legal battles continue to prevent demolitions and maintain residents' rights to shelter and water access. Legal and Human Rights ## Mohammad Huraini Mohammad Huraini and other activists in Masafer Yatta, West Bank, face daily brutal oppression from Israeli occupation forces and extremist settlers. Since Israel's war on Gaza began, repression has intensified as Israel continues its illegal efforts to forcibly evict Palestinians from their homes to create a "military firing zone." The village of at-Tuwani has long endured violent settler attacks, often supported by Israeli soldiers, aimed at driving Palestinians from their homes. Activists like Huraini document these forced evictions and attacks, risking their lives to share the truth on social media. With Israeli aggression escalating and settlers increasingly armed, this work has become more dangerous and harder to sustain. Donations are urgently needed to support activists like Huraini in exposing these crimes and raising global awareness. Without this documentation, these human rights violations may go unnoticed. ## Chronology **On November 24, 2025**, settlers from Maon terror outpost descended to al-Tuwani, Masafer Yatta. The settlers, protected by soldiers, injured two & escaped without being held accountable. **On April 20, 2025:** Expulsion and arson attempt in Susya. At noon, a family from Wadi Rahim (an area in Susya that suffers from violence from settlers and the army) went out to harvest the crops they had sown. A group of masked settlers charged at them and expelled them from the area. But that wasn't enough for the settlers, and they began a series of arson attempts in the area. Three points in the field were burned, as well as a house under construction. Police and Border Police arrived at the scene only after the arson had ended, and while they were in the area, settlers began approaching the house of the family who was trying to harvest, as if to show how immune they are from the consequences of the state authorities as long as they evict Palestinians and damage their property. When they arrived at the family's home, they threatened the family, pushed them, and threw stones at them. The army eventually allowed the family to continue harvesting, but after they finished, settlers grazed on their land and damaged the crops they had not managed to take. ## Advocacy: NGOs and Israeli MPs have petitioned for At-Tuwani's access to basic services. The community’s struggle highlights a "catch-22" situation, where legal restrictions prevent sustainable living and farming practices, risking land confiscation. Sources : [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At-Tuwani) [2](https://www.middleeasteye.net/fr/reportages/palestine-israel-masafer-yatta-expulsion-zone-militaire-colonisation) [3](https://chuffed.org/project/119939-support-a-west-bank-activist)

**On 26 October 2023 at 2:30 am**. Moazzaz Obayat, a 39-year-old Palestinian bodybuilder arrested without charges, during a violent raid storming his house, in front of his 4 children and his pregant woman. He held under administrative detention, which allows detention without formal charges. He was detained in the Ofer Negev Prison. **On July 10, 2024**, he is released showing signs of severe medical neglect and torture, revealing the inhumane conditions imposed on Palestinian prisoners by the Israeli occupation. **On October 16, 2024**, three months after his released, he was re-abducted, **at dawn**, during a raid by the Israely soldiers in Bethlehem in the occupied West Bank, after storming his home. **He was obviously subject of sever abuses during his detention :** - Obayat, once weighing 109kg of muscle, lost over half his body weight and is now emaciated, unable to walk unaided. - The video footage of Abayat’s frail state upon release has spread widely on Arab social media, but has seen little coverage in Western media. **Impact on his mental health** - The first days, Obayat no longer recognizes his father or the details of his past life. - His wife, Noor, and mother collapsed upon seeing him leave jail in a broken state. - he expressed the feeling of never being able to come back to life, of being mentally imprisoned for life. **His testimony shed significant light on the systematic abuse of detainees** - he reports being beaten, tortured, starved, and deprived of water throughout his imprisonment. - his leg and his hans were broken in detention and left untreated. - he describes being beaten while naked, losing consciousness after being hit with an iron bar. - he describes his experience in the Negev prison as particularly harsh: freezing conditions, insufficient water, and minimal, poor-quality food. - he states that prisoners were subjected to epidemics like scabies due to poor hygiene and limited showers. - he recounts brutal physical abuse, including being hit and "search" in private parts with iron stick (in Ofer Prison) - "We almost died," he says, in an iron caravan where he remembers inhaling gas and feeling a lack of oxygen (In Gush Etzion Detention center). A place where, he later describes, they beat them "with iron clubs until their heads, feet and hands were covered in blood. - he was the witness of the murder of a friend (or a brother) Thayer Abu Asab, in prison for 18 years, since 2005, killed in "room 6", after being beaten during one hour with iron sticks on his head.(Israeli authorities confirmed was beaten to death by 19 guards on 18 November 2023) "He lay in the room for an hour, they killed him and they didn't call an ambulance or treat him." - On December 4, during a violent interrogation, while sitting in a chair with his legs and arms chained behind his back, "I was given a beating that no human being can imagine." A Shin Bet (Israeli internal intelligence) officer asked him: "Are you with us or with them?", referring to Israel or Hamas."I answered honestly: 'I'm not on any side, I'm a civilian. You invaded my house and arrested me.' He didn't like what I said. He left the office and a group of three to five men came in and started beating me. They hit me with a metal baton on the head, stomach and sensitive areas of the body, on the tendons, until I lost consciousness ," he details. - he adds, that, in Ofer Detention camp, access to food, hygiene or drinking water was also extremely limited : “One shower every three months,” “one litre of water for ten people in a room,” a bathroom “without running water.” As for electricity, only three hours a day, and a meal of “ten or twelve beans with a bit of cabbage” from breakfast to dinner. - According to him, 2000 of the 3000 prisoners in Ofer Prison suffers od chronicle scabies. **Perpetrators** - He names "Captain Salem, head of Nablus area, Captain Dahari (nicknamed Abu Jameel), Captain Ibri for the Gush Etzion detention center. - He names the Keter unit in Ofer Prison (the worst reputation detention center, like Guantanamo or Abu Graib), under the direction of Yusuf Khnafis (nicknamed Abu Shadi), who gave the torture orders. ## [The Prisoners Club Statement](https://www.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/105863) Ramallah, 16-10-2024, WAFA- The Palestinian Prisoners' Club (PPC) held the Israeli occupation authorities fully responsible for the life of detainee Moaz Ebayat (37 years) from Bethlehem, who was re-arrested at dawn today, three months after his release, in a difficult and shocking health condition due to the torture he was subjected to during his 9-month administrative detention. He was released at the time from the Negev prison, which was and still is the most prominent prison witnessing torture crimes. According to the family of the detainee, Abayat, the occupation forces stormed his house at two in the morning, and when he was taken out of the house, he was beaten. (...)The Prisoners Club confirmed that Abayat is still** undergoing treatment since his release, and he needs continuous health follow-up.** He is one of thousands of detainees in the occupation prisons who are facing crimes of unprecedented level. It is worth noting that he is a former detainee who was arrested three times, and he is married and the father of five children. He did not suffer from any health problems before his previous arrest. The Prisoners Club renewed its call to international human rights institutions to restore their necessary role for which they were created, and to put an end to the ongoing genocide and the horrific crimes to which our people are being subjected, including detainees in the occupation’s prisons and camps, which have been transformed into arenas for the crime of torture since the beginning of the war of extermination, “while reaffirming that everything we are witnessing today are fixed and systematic crimes practiced by the occupation over many decades, but the only variable is the intensity and level of these crimes.” ## Broader Issue: Over 3,500 Palestinians are currently held under administrative detention in Israeli prisons, many from the West Bank. Human rights groups and Palestinian organizations claim that the conditions Abayat faced are common among Palestinian detainees. ## International Response: - Israeli authorities deny the claims of abuse, stating that Obayat received medical care according to protocol. - Human rights groups report restricted access to Israeli prisons, limiting information on prisoners' conditions. - Obayat urges the international community to investigate Palestinian prison conditions and support his people, highlighting the lack of legal representation and international protection for detainees. [source 1](https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/palestine-west-bank-muazzaz-abayat-prison-interview?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=Social_Traffic&utm_content=ap_ciglas1vwn) [source 2](https://x.com/MiddleEastEye/status/1812142642810994821) [source 3](https://www.france24.com/es/medio-oriente/20240926-sufr%C3%AD-torturas-inimaginables-el-infierno-de-un-prisionero-palestino-en-las-c%C3%A1rceles-de-israel?utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=x&utm_source=user&utm_slink=f24.my%2FAcvS) ## ONG investigation In its August report, *'[Welcome to Hell: The Israeli Prison System as a Network of Torture Camps'](https://www.btselem.org/sites/default/files/publications/202408_welcome_to_hell_eng.pdf)*, the Israeli human rights organisation B'Tselem collects the testimonies of 55 released prisoners and relatives of inmates who point out the mistreatment to which Palestinian prisoners are subjected. *(Archivist's clarification: the English spelling of Moazzaz Obayat's name varies enormously. Articles name him Moaz, Moiz, Muazzaz Moazzaz,.. and his surname is spelled Obayyat, Obayat, Obaiat, Abayat, Abayad.. We opted for the following spelling: Moazzaz Obayat).*

The Israeli forces have systematically caused severe destruction to Gaza's education sector, with many universities either destroyed or repurposed as shelters for displaced families. This will have long-lasting effects on Gaza's 90,000 students and the region's educational future. **Below are the universities affected:** ## 1. Islamic University of Gaza Founded in 1978, over 17,000 students as of 2023 **Destruction**: Destroyed on **10 October**; accused by Israel of producing weapons without any evidence. Previously hit in 2008-2009 and 2014. [Major Asaf Fred,](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1799904047844991190.html) who was later in Rafah & a commander in IDF’s 460 Brigade, admits to the destruction of IUG university in Gaza, a court & Rimal neighborhood **without any military objectives**. He also called for the destruction of Amalekite cities + “‘no good arabs” On December 19 he posts a long Genocidal justification. Excerpt : *“Yes, this is how you destroy an enemy: Not only by killing its soldiers but also by destroying its symbols…..The destruction of the enemy's national symbols is a clear declaration that the games are over, and we want to win."* On March 1, he shares a satellite imagery of Younis: “Amazing! This is how it should be done to all the Amalekite cities. (Khan Yunis, during the IDF maneuver)”  In November 5, 2024, some remaining buildings of this University were used as military base by Israeli troops. "My alma mater @IUGAZA med school is now a military point in the middle of Gaza. This IOF soldier is bragging about intentionally causing a delay in the start of the academic year because of occupying it and destroying its teaching hospital!" writes on X @OsaidesserMD Palestinian Academic global surgeon   ## 2.Al-Azhar University Founded in 1991 during the First Intifada, 17,000 students and 12 faculties at its peak. Destruction: [Bombed by aistrikes](https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231106-israeli-air-strikes-target-gazas-al-azhar-university/) **on 6 November**, heavily damaging the campus. And [blowed up ](https://x.com/EretzIsrael/status/1732885147844764051)on December 7. "On Shabbat, we loaded the mines, and I signed off on the shipment with a modification due to the sanctity of Shabbat,” First Master Sergeant David Zoldan, the operational officer of Company A of Israel’s 749 Battalion wrote in a Facebook post on December 20. “A few days later, we assembled them and booby-trapped one of Gaza’s symbols of the future—Al-Azhar University in the northern part of the strip—and blew it up.”  December 2023: Company A of the 749 Battalion was tasked with rigging up the south Gaza City campus of Al-Azhar University with explosives and detonating them, reducing Gaza’s second-largest university to rubble. On the footage, we can heard soldiers said "Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined” when they watch the powerful explosion. The mining and detonation of the University was released on his Social netework by the IDF soldiers of the[ 749 Combat Engineering Corps ](https://x.com/ytirawi/status/1835331007240655224)invluding : 1. David Zolden, Operational Officer 2. Arthur Davidov 3. Rafael Ben Ishay 4. Maya Radoszkowicz 5. Arik Tedler 6. Amit Yagodeev 7. Saar Hirshoren 8. Natvie Korkus 9. Yossi Nahari 10. Roman Dyachenko 11. Daniel Bedoya 12. Yehuda Efraim 13. Nathan Emergui 14. Eli Biton 15. Amit Viner 16. Rony Ifrach 17. Omri Felous 18. Royi Wickes 19. Netanel Levine 20. Yahav Hoffmann 21. Yahav Abr 22. Dor Osher 23. Adib In the following picture, Liad Ohayon, of Moroccan origin, serving in the Givati Brigade's Shaked Battalion celebrated the completion of their military service on the Al-Azhar University campus, which had been used as a military base and was subsequently detonated upon their withdrawal.  ## Al-Quds Open University Founded IN 1991 by the PLO, it's the largest non-campus university with 60,000 students across the West Bank and Gaza. Occupation : Turned into military barracks Destruction : bombed on **15 November**.   ## 3. Al-Israa University Founded in 2014 (Gaza's youngest university) Occupation : Its main building was occupied for 70 days by Israeli soldiers and [Destruction](https://www.news18.com/world/watch-israel-destroys-al-israa-university-in-gaza-drone-footage-captures-controlled-explosion-8746213.html) : on **17 January 2024** by a massive Blowing up (355 explosives) During a press conference on Thursday, a U.S. State Department Spokesperson was asked if Israa University was a legitimate target. To this, spokesperson Matthew Miller said, *“I don’t have independent information to verify that. But I can say that we continue to urge Israel to avoid damage to critical infrastructure – that would, of course, include universities – and to ensure the protection of humanitarian and medical sites.”* [According to ](https://x.com/ireallyhateyou/status/1767076644802462115)Itai Blumenthal (2024, 08:14 on March 11), it seems that the Brigadier General Hiram authorized the demolition of the Al Asraa University building in the south of Gaza City on the grounds that tunnels were dug under the building where terrorists were hiding. Since it is a sensitive building, Brigadier General Hiram was supposed to get permission in advance from the commander of the Southern Command. Two months later, the commander of the Southern Command recorded the "note" to the commander of Division 99 with the approval of Chief of Staff Halevi. ## 4. Palestine Technical College Founded in 1993 in Deir el-Balah, 1,800 students Now a shelter for displaced Palestinians. ## 5. University College of Applied Sciences (UCAS) Founded in 1998 in Gaza City. 8,500 students in 2023 Had a start-up incubator for entrepreneurs.Shelled on 22 January while sheltering displaced families. Israeli occupation forces turn the University College of Applied Sciences into a military base in Augustus 2024.  ## 6. University of Palestine Founded in 2005. was a Shelter for displaced families; targeted on 17 January when Israel detonated over 300 mines. ## 7. Al-Aqsa University Began as a teacher training institute in 1955, evolved into a university by 2001. 26,000 students in 2022 Shelled on 22 January while housing displaced people. In May 2024, a picture of an IDF soldier (Tair Glisko. 424th Battalion, Givati Brigade) is released on the social media and is investigated by Younis Tirawi. Israel’s biggest newspaper, Yedioth Ahronot, reports this investigation and the response of Israel military: “This is a serious incident… an investigation was opened by the military police. The incident at the university is also being investigated at the senior levels”.  This autodafe was confirmed by Jake Godin in a [OSINT investigation](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1793700811870290179.html) ## 8. Gaza University Founded in 2006. 10 Faculties including law, education, and computer sciences. Destroyed by an airstrike in December. ## 9. Hassan II University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Established in 1992 in Beit Hanoun with Moroccan support Destroyed by Israeli forces in December. ## 10. Dar al-Kalima University: Gaza Training Centre Founded in 2020, Providing arts training and therapy for trauma-affected children. Destroyed during Easter Holy Week in late March. The destruction of these institutions highlights the severe disruption to Gaza's education system, impacting thousands of students and faculty and hampering educational and cultural development for future generations. Eight people were injured in a drone bombing targeting the University College of Applied Sciences, which houses displaced people in the Al-Mawasi area, west of Khan Yunis Source ## Letter from Palestinian Universities to students and faculty in Gaza Solidarity Encampments in US academic institutions [This letter was released the 1st May 2024.](https://www.birzeit.edu/en/news/letter-solidarity-palestinian-universities-nsjp-palestine-solidarity-movement-us-universities) *"In a moment of great darkness, your protests erupt and give hope for humanity that justice is not an abstract concept but a continuous struggle that connects us all. Your values are emancipating the university from structural racism and complicity with power and colonialism. The situation in Palestine has reached increased genocidal levels, marked by the mass targeting of Palestinian life by killing and displacement; the destroying of social, cultural, and all educational institutions; and the aim to reduce Palestinians to bare life with no political and collective future. You are leaders in the call for justice with your bodies on your university campuses and in the streets, speaking truth and justice loud and clear. You stand for the courage that is needed to take action strongly for justice and freedom and determinedly against systems of genocide and racism. We know the risks you are taking in face of the repressive measures that are taken against university spaces built on challenging the powers benefitting from silence. At a time when the voices of the oppressed are intentionally silenced, your solidarity serves as a beacon of hope. Your actions are a resounding message that injustice and oppression will not be tolerated. We draw inspiration from the courage of those who refuse and resist the continuing injustices of settler colonialism and military occupation. We welcome you at our universities in a liberated Palestine. Together,* Presidents of Palestinian Universities Prof. Omar Melad - President of Al-Azhar University of Gaza Prof. Kamalin Shaath - President of Islamic University of Gaza Prof. Hasan Abu Jarad - President of Gaza University Prof. Ayman Soboh - President of Al-Aqsa University Prof. Mustafa Abusafa - President of Palestine Polytechnic University Prof. Samer Najde - President of Al-Quds Open University Prof. Abdel Khaleq Alfaraa - President of Al-Israa University Prof. Jaber Alda'or - President of University of Palestine Prof. Abdelnaser Zied - President of An-Najah National University Prof. Talal Shahwan - President of Birzeit University Prof. Raghad Dwiek - President of Hebron University Prof. Imad Abu Kishek - President of Al-Quds University Prof. Ali Abuzuhre - President of Arab American University Prof. lyad Twal - President of Bethlehem University Prof. Husein Shanak - President of Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie Prof. Nour Aldeen Abu Aroub - President of University of Al Istiklal Prof. Imad Alzeer - President of Palestine Ahliya University Prof. Dawod Zataree - President of Al-Zaytoonah University of Science and Technology Prof. Matre Alraheb - President of Dar Al Kalema University Prof. Derar Alayan - President of Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education" Sources : [1](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/24/how-israel-has-destroyed-gazas-schools-and-universities) [2](https://www.middleeasteye.net/explainer-gaza-israel-palestine-war-university-destroy) [3](https://www.dropsitenews.com/p/israel-749-battalion-demolition-gaza) [4](https://euromedmonitor.org/en/article/6108Some)

- Mount Sabih is located between three Palestinian villages: Qabalan, Yatma, and Beita, south of Nablus. - **In May 2021**, Israeli settlers established the illegal outpost Evyatar on the mountain's highest peak. - A compromise was reached with Israeli authorities** in July 2021**, allowing settlers to return if the land is declared state-owned. -** On July 8, 2021**, Palestinian villagers petitioned the Israeli High Court to revoke this compromise, claiming ownership of the land. - The Israeli Supreme Court postponed its ruling until a decision on the land's status is made. - **In October 2021**, 60 dunams (15 acres) were declared state land, and a legal settlement was approved in February 2022, though no action was taken. ## 2023-2024 - **Incident at Beita Protest: On 6 September 2024**, American-Turkish Activist Killed: Aysenur Ezgi Eygi, a 26-year-old American-Turkish human rights activist, was shot in the head by Israeli forces during a protest in Beita, West Bank, and died from her injuries. Eygi attended a protest in Beita, near the Israel settlement of Evyatar. The protest, which is held weekly, calls for the end of settlement expansion in the West Bank. Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) opened fire on protesters using live ammunition, stun grenades, and tear gas. Eygi was critically injured and later died at Rafida Hospital in Nablus.

**Since October 7, Israeli Army abducted hundred of Palestinian bodies from the Gaza territories, and returned a certain number of them, in successive waves, without giving any guarantee of identification or respect due to the remains.** According to previous Hebrew Media reports, Israel has been excavating graves to perform DNA tests on bodies and bodies were also decomposing in Sde Teiman concentration camp, it’s not clear where the bodies originated from yet. **No body taken by Israel has so far been identified as that of an Israeli hostage**. [Source](https://x.com/SuppressedNws/status/1838909527514640793) **Thousands of Palestinians are missing**. Their families don't know if they are alive or dead, if they are under the rubbles or abducted by Israel as human shields in Gaza or detained in the detention camps like Sde Teiman in Negev. Israel dug a lot of cemeteries in Gaza, since the beginning of the ground invasion. Many corpses are abducted, or desecrated in these places by bulldozers. This way of proceeding with the bodies of the deceased is therefore perceived as **a voluntary desecration and psychological torture preventing the families from mourning and knowing the fate of their loved ones**. **The ultimate stage of dehumanization**. Indeed, the bodies are returned in an advanced state of decomposition, sometimes mixed, very little identified. “The Palestinian Health Ministry said that the Israeli military has deliberately concealed the identity of those Palestinian people. There is no information about their names, genders and the location they have been kidnapped from. The circumstances of their abduction from the Gaza Strip are also unclear" September 25, 2024. [Source](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/25/israeli-attacks-in-gaza-strip-arrests-in-occupied-west-bank) ## Chronology ### November 22, 2023 - Israel has returned the bodies of 111 Palestinian civilians (Women, men and children) In Khan Younis, 111 bodies wrapped in bright blue bags, without any identities nor precise origin, arrived in a shipping container on the back of a truck. They were buried the same day in a mass grave in Khan Yunis. - The remains, which bore only numbers, had come from the Indonesian and al-Shifa hospitals in northern Gaza, according to members of the committee at the burial site. According to Mohammed Salem/Reuters. The Al Jazeera Journalist Youmna Elsayed, precised they were detained by the Israeli occupation forces in Al-Shifa Medical Complex and Beit Hanoun Hospital a few days ago. - The families weren't aware nor present. According to Youmna Elsayed the smell was awful, because they were kept out in the premises of al-Shifa, in a morgue without electricity, fuel or solar panel destroyed by the israeli occupation of the hospital. Sources : [1](https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-ceasefire-agreement-reached-dozens-of-bodies-pulled-from-rubble-islamic-jihad-all-palestinian-prisoners-must-be-released-israeli-strikes-continue-day-47/) [2](https://www.instagram.com/saber.nuraldin/reel/Cz9rBDbt3Ik/) ### December 26, 2023 Israel returned the bodies of 80 Palestinians to Gaza after confirming they were not Israeli hostages. The bodies were handed over via the Kerem Shalom crossing and buried in Rafah. Gaza authorities are working to identify them and determine when and where they were killed. Israel stated that bodies were taken for forensic identification to rule out Israeli hostages. The ongoing conflict has led to around 21,000 Palestinian deaths, with thousands more feared buried under rubble. [source](https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/palestinians-work-identify-80-dead-handed-over-israel-2023-12-27/) ### January 30, 2024 - Israel has returned the bodies of 100 Palestinian civilians who were killed during the ongoing ground Israeli invasion of Gaza. They were delivered in the morning, through the Kerem Shalom crossing. - Quds News Network (@QudsNen ) : A significant number of these bodies were hard to identify, with many arriving as skeletal remains. - WAFA correspondent said that 100 bodies were buried in a mass grave, in the city of Rafah, ome of which were decomposing, of unidentified slain civilians. - The provenance of these bodies are unclear. Israely army had previously stolen the dead bodies from various areas of the Gaza Strip. Some were perhaps stolen by the occupation soldiers from hospitals and cemeteries during their raids on various areas of the Gaza Strip. For instance, Israeli soldiers have be seen stoling 110 bodies from Al-Shifa Hospital and from a cemetery in front of the emergency department in the same hospital in November. - According to medical sources, inspection of some of the bodies showed that the occupation had stolen organs from some of them. [source](https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/141199) ### April 24, 2024 On April 22, 2024, Palestinian rescue teams recovered 283 bodies from three mass graves at Nasser Medical Complex in Khan Yunis, following the withdrawal of Israeli forces. Among the bodies, many were of women and children, killed during Israeli assaults on the complex. The majority had been buried collectively after being bulldozed by Israeli forces. Hundreds remain missing from the Khan Yunis massacre, with around 2,000 citizens unaccounted for in Gaza. **Sources :** [1](https://www.saba.ye/en/news3323050.htm) [2](https://www.aa.com.tr/fr/monde/lafrique-du-sud-appelle-%C3%A0-ouvrir-une-enqu%C3%AAte-urgente-sur-les-charniers-%C3%A0-gaza-/3200773) ### Augustus 5, 2024 "Israel has returned the bodies of nearly 90 Palestinians killed in its military offensive in the Gaza Strip, the Palestinian Ministry of Health has said. The Israeli army has returned the bodies of 84 Palestinians to Gaza through the Karem Abu Salem (Karem Shalom) crossing, according to our colleagues at Al Jazeera Arabic. Footage verified by Al Jazeera’s fact-checking agency, Sanad, showed mass graves being dug in the Turkish Cemetery in the southern city of Khan Younis to bury them. According to our team on the ground, the bodies were handed over with the participation of the Palestinian Civil Defence in Gaza. They were delivered to Nasser Medical Complex in Khan Younis before the burial. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has said that it had no involvement in this incident. It was not clear when or how they were killed. According to The Times of Israel newspaper, the Israeli army had seized the bodies for identification, checking whether Israeli captives were among them. Yamen Abu Suleiman, the director of the Palestinian Civil Emergency Service in Khan Younis in southern Gaza, said on Monday that it was unclear whether the bodies had been dug up from cemeteries by the army during the ground offensive, or whether they were “detainees who had been tortured and killed”. “The occupation provided us with no information about the names, or ages, or anything. This is a war crime, a crime against humanity,” Abu Suleiman said.He said the bodies would be examined in an attempt to determine the causes of death and to identify them, before being buried in a mass grave at a cemetery near Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis. Gaza’s Government Media Office said Israel had sent 89 bodies as “bones and decomposed bodies in an inhumane manner”. It said Israeli forces had “stolen” 2,000 bodies since October 7 from dozens of cemeteries, which they bulldozed during their ongoing military offensive. The office added that Israeli forces also previously dug up graves in Khan Younis, Jabalia and the Tuffah neighbourhood in Gaza City, and transferred the bodies to “unknown places”, an action amounting to a war crime and a crime against humanity." [source 1](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/5/israel-returns-decomposed-bodies-of-89-palestinians-to-gaza) [source 2](https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-returns-80-palestinian-bodies-gaza-keeps-up-military-pressure-2024-08-05/) **Press statement issued by the government media office:** *"The "Israeli" occupation army violates the dignity of the bodies of 89 martyrs, handing them skeletons and decomposing bodies.* *In a new crime, the “Israeli” occupation army violated the dignity of the bodies of 89 martyrs of our Palestinian people, which the occupation had previously stolen during the crime of genocide, as it handed over their bodies as skeletons and decomposing bodies, in behavior that shames humanity. In today’s crime against these bodies, the occupation handed over these martyrs in only 35 shrouds, including 13 bodies that they placed in one shroud, and 22 bodies in another shroud, and the rest of the martyrs’ bodies were scattered in several shrouds in a way that was humiliating and degrading the dignity of the martyrs. Over the course of 304 days of the crime of genocide, the occupation had kidnapped more than 2,000 bodies of martyrs and dead from dozens of cemeteries in the governorates of the Gaza Strip, which the occupation bulldozed with bulldozers and military vehicles and turned over their graves, in a scene contrary to humanity and human feeling. The "Israeli" occupation repeated this crime more than once during the genocidal war. It had also previously exhumed graves in Khan Yunis, Jabalia, and Hay al-Tuffah and stole some of the bodies of the martyrs from them. In addition, it still has dozens of bodies in its possession, and it is necessary to remove the bodies and move them to unknown places and change. It is considered a war crime and a crime against humanity and is punishable by international legislation. We condemn in the strongest terms the occupation’s perpetration of this crime that humanity deplores, and we call on international and international organizations to condemn these heinous, brutal crimes. This new crime against humanity is added to a series of crimes committed by the “Israeli” occupation army after the United States of America gave it the green light to carry out killings against civilians, children and women. We hold the occupation and the American administration fully responsible for these crimes, and we demand the formation of an independent international investigation committee. Exactly in the occupation army kidnapping the bodies of the martyrs and stealing their vital organs."* [source](https://x.com/SuppressedNws/status/1820502724716482607) ### September 25, 2024 - In the morning, Israeli army loaded the bodies of 88 Palestinians it had killed and whose remains it had taken, onto a truck via the Red Cross and sent them to Gaza. According to protocol, documents detailing the place, date of death, and names should be provided with the remains, but Israel is refusing to hand over these documents and information. - The Ministry of Health in Gaza refused to receive the bodies of the Palestinians handed over by Israel to the International Red Cross, due to Israel's failure to provide the necessary documentation and names with the remains. [source](https://x.com/gazanotice/status/1838872610798547045) - Iyad Qadeeh, a media official at the Ministry of Health, said that Wednesday's arrival was the fifth time that authorities had received a truck load of unidentified corpses. - He told Middle East Eye that from now on health officials would refuse to accept any more bodies without identifying information. - A source at the Nasser Hospital told MEE that the truck driver, who had arrived from Karem Abu Salem checkpoint, was barred from entering the hospital and instructed to "go back to where he came from". [source](https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-sends-truck-full-decomposed-bodies-gaza-health-ministry-refuses-accept?utm_source=telegram&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=social_traffic) - The transport company left the container containing 89 martyrs on the main street in front of Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis. Imagine the news, imagine that 89 unidentified martyrs were not accepted by anyone, even the truck driver left them and went away. [source](https://x.com/abdazizmo7amd/status/1838999297133564139) #### **Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor statement**: - Urgent intervention must be made to ensure the burial of dozens of unidentified Palestinian martyrs who were delivered by “Israel” to the Gaza Strip and to discover the circumstances of their death. - We have followed with regret the information that the Israeli occupation army handed over the bodies of 88 Palestinians **in a “container” without any data or information indicating the identity of their owners**, the places of recovery, the time and circumstances of death. - Following the arrival of the bodies in this state, the Ministry of Health in Gaza announced that it had **suspended the procedures for receiving the bodies** until all data and information concerning them are completed to identify their owners and names. - The “container” with the bodies of the martyrs **remained in one of the streets of Khan Yunis**, which is disastrous and could cause a health disaster, and constitutes a serious violation of the rights of the deceased and their families. - We **call for urgent international intervention**, including a full and independent investigation into the circumstances of the martyrdom of these Palestinians, the autopsy of their remains, **their identification and their return to their families for a dignified burial**. - Conducting these investigations is an inevitable international obligation incumbent on all competent international bodies in accordance with international standards. - “Israel” is obliged under international law, in particular international humanitarian law and international human rights law, not to mistreat the dead and their remains, and it must take all necessary measures to determine the identity of the deceased, including registration and record. transmit as much information as possible. - We **call on the United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator, the World Health Organization and the Red Cross to immediately take the initiative to bury the victims**, to work with the Israeli occupation to provide information and identify them, and to stop degrading the human dignity of the dead and mistreating them. [source](https://x.com/SafaPs/status/1839014112698814703) #### **Palestinian Ministry of Health Press statement** *With the arrival of a container containing approximately 88 bodies from the Israeli occupation, without any data or information indicating the identity of their owners, the places where they were recovered, or the time of death, the Palestinian Ministry of Health has suspended the procedures for receiving the container until all data and information about these bodies are completed to identify their owners and their names, considering that this is the minimum right of these people and their families. The Ministry of Health calls on human rights and international institutions, headed by the International Committee of the Red Cross, to establish clear procedures that enable the Ministry to receive the bodies, while bringing data and details of these bodies, including names, ages, and the areas from which these bodies were taken. We also emphasize the necessity of receiving the bodies according to humanitarian and international standards and in a manner that preserves the rights and dignity of the owners of these bodies.* Ministry of Health 24 25 September Edited 4:27 AM #### Journalist Hossam Shabat on X "The bodies have been transported in a dump truck; they are decomposed and unidentifiable. Israeli occupation forces killed them in cold blood and treated their bodies like garbage. The bodies will be buried in mass unmarked graves. If this is not genocide, I don’t know what is." [source](https://x.com/HossamShabat/status/1838979056332661093) ## Suspicions of organs traffic The kidnapping of the bodies of slain civilians from the Gaza Strip renews suspicions among the Palestinian medias and people that the Israeli occupation is stealing organs from the bodies of killed Palestinians. WAFA article notes that, in 2009, Israeli media revealed that the occupying state owns the largest human skin bank in the world, and years later, the director of the Israeli Skin Bank told Israeli Channel 10 in March 2014 that the bank’s skin reserve amounts to about 170 square meters. These numbers are considered illogical in Israel as its population refuses to donate organs, for reasons and religious beliefs, ranking it third in the world and raising doubts about the source of these organs. Yehuda Hess, who was director of the Israeli Forensic Medicine Institute, admitted in a 2009 documentary about the Palestinian issue to his participation in stealing organs from the bodies of slain Palestinians [Source 1](https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/141199) [Source 2](https://www.middleeasteye.net/live-blog/live-blog-update/israel-hands-back-stolen-palestinian-bodies-missing-organs-report)

## Summary of the situation in At-Tuwani (West Bank): ### Context and Location: At-Tuwani is a Palestinian farming village located in the southern West Bank near Hebron, home to approximately 1,600 people. Since Hamas’s attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, violence against Palestinian villagers has escalated dramatically. **Increased Settler Violence Post-October 7:** Following Hamas’s attack, Israel’s military presence in the West Bank increased, as well as settler aggression towards Palestinians. Settler violence, particularly by extremist groups, intensified. Incidents such as raids, destruction of property, and shootings became more frequent, aimed at displacing Palestinians from their land. Settlers have been emboldened, forming quasi-military forces and gaining new powers, such as the authority to arrest and declare closed military zones. ### Incidents in At-Tuwani: **October 12, 2023:** Settlers set up an observation post on land belonging to the Hureini family, cutting branches from fig trees and grapevines. When villagers confronted them, they were threatened with guns. **October 13, 2023:** A settler shot Zakariya Adra, a resident, in the stomach during an altercation. The shooting was filmed, and the settler faced no immediate consequences, though his gun license was revoked. **Januari 28, 2025,** A resident, Mohsab, was bringing building materials to his house with a truck when a settler approached and tried to intimidate him by saying that this building activity was not allowed. The settler then tried to use his qun to shoot the tires of the truck. **Impact on Agriculture and Livelihoods:** Attacks on crops and livestock have become more frequent, particularly during key points in the agricultural calendar, making farming nearly impossible for Palestinian villagers. Families in At-Tuwani have struggled to harvest their olives, plough their land, or graze livestock due to threats from settlers. **Human Rights Violations and Displacement:** Since October 7, more than 1,600 Palestinians have been displaced due to settler violence and military restrictions, including nearly 800 children. Settlers in At-Tuwani continue to intimidate villagers, obstruct their daily lives, and in some cases, threaten their survival. **Settler Communities:** Nearby Israeli settlements like Ma’on and its outpost Havat Ma’on are known for their violence against Palestinians. These outposts are illegal even under Israeli law but remain active and often unregulated. Settler ideology in some areas is deeply extremist, with leaders like **Yehoshafat Tor** openly advocating violence against Palestinians. **International Legal Context:** The expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank is widely regarded as illegal under international law. The Geneva Conventions prohibit the transfer of an occupying power’s civilians into occupied territory. A July 2023 advisory ruling by the International Court of Justice declared Israel’s occupation of Palestinian territories illegal. **Crowdfunding and Demolitions** : In late 2022, Tor, a resident of Havat Ma’on, launched a crowdfunding campaign to pay off debts and complained about ongoing conflicts during Shabbat. He reported the theft of sheep worth about $130,000. Previously, the Israeli government had demolished buildings he and his wife built, a rare enforcement of demolition orders in illegal outposts. **Settler Violence Denial** : Veteran settler leader Daniella Weiss denied that settlers instigate violence against Palestinians, claiming that no Jew starts conflicts with Arabs. She argued that the controversy over settlers is part of a plan to create a Palestinian state, which she opposes. **Support from One Israel Fund**: The settlements of Ma’on and Havat Ma’on are supported by the U.S. charity *One Israel Fund*, which provides security equipment. Eve Harow, the fund’s tourism director, claimed these settlements prevent the creation of a “Jihadist entity” and protect Israel from potential massacres like those on October 7. **The Israeli military is closely linked to settlers**, with many soldiers coming from settlements. After the October 7 attacks, settlers were further mobilized to defend their communities. **In the West Bank near At-Tuwani, it’s often difficult to distinguish between soldiers and settler**s, as many settlers don military-style uniforms. Activists note that some settlers mobilized in recent months are more aggressive than regular soldiers, wearing far-right symbols like the Third Temple movement patch, symbolizing extremist beliefs about controlling religious sites in Jerusalem. **Betzalel Taljah's role:** Settler and Israeli military reservist. He leads a battalion responsible for security of 24 settlements, including Ma’on and Havat Ma’on. Blurs the distinction between settlers and military forces. He wears patches combining the Israeli flag with far-right symbols like the Punisher skull. Known for aggressive interactions with Palestinians and activists. He has intimidated farmers, searched phones for Gaza-related content, and used violence during confrontations. Frequently escalates tensions, often screaming and pointing his gun at Palestinians. He used to detained Palestinian shepherds and declared their grazing land a closed military zone for 30 days, depriving them of essential resources. **Historical context :** Since Israel occupied the West Bank in 1967, settlers have focused on expanding control, particularly in Area C, under full Israeli military authority. Many settlers believe they have a religious right to the land, while others move for economic reasons. Dror Etkes of Kerem Navot estimates settlers have taken over 37,000 acres of Palestinian land since October 7. In response to rising settler violence, the international community, including the U.S. and EU, has imposed sanctions on several settlers and groups. [https://ig.ft.com/west-bank/](url)

Khirbet Zanuta, a community in the southern West Bank, was displaced on November 1, 2023, due to settler attacks. Over 140 people, including the S. and N. families, fled the area. ## Chronology of Events: ### End of 2023 **October 7, 2023: Settlers began intensifying attacks after this date.** Settlers entered houses, cursed and threatened children. They threw stones at homes, preventing families from sleeping for 10 days. Settlers bulldozed and blocked the main road into Khirbet Zanuta. ### Settler Attacks on the Saleh S.’s family **October 31, 2023:** Six armed settlers attacked Saleh S.’s brother, Mahmoud. Mahmoud was detained, beaten, and choked by settlers. Mahmoud and Saleh recognized the leader of the settlers, who had been cutting water pipes and harassing the community with drones. **November 1, 2023:** The entire extended family fled after settlers threw rocks at them while they were leaving. The family rented trucks for 3,200 shekels (around $860) to move 300 sheep and left behind most of their belongings. They built new rooms near al-Dhahiriya but struggled financially without access to their lands. **Post-displacement:** The family paid 60,000 shekels (around $16,000) to build a new sheep shelter, but could not maintain the flock due to lack of access to water and land. ### Settler Attacks on the N. Family: Munir and Sara N., both 38, and their nine children also faced multiple attacks. **Early October:** Settlers, accompanied by soldiers, assaulted neighbors and destroyed property. A stun grenade was thrown inside the N. family’s home, terrifying their children. Settlers threatened the family, giving them 24 hours to leave or face being set on fire. The family rented trucks for 2,100 shekels (about $560) to move livestock. Repeated drone attacks by settlers caused sheep to panic, resulting in the death of 10 sheep. Munir’s family fell into debt and expressed a desire to return home if safety could be guaranteed. ### School Destruction: **October 7, 2023:** Schools in Khirbet Zanuta shifted to online learning, but families lacked internet devices. **November 20-21, 2023:** The local school, built with EU and UK support, was burned in an apparent arson attack and later bulldozed. The kindergarten, subsidized and affordable, was destroyed, leaving children like 4-year-old Nadia without access to early education. Education Losses: The destroyed school had 27 students from kindergarten to 6th grade. Civil society groups had partnered with the school for psycho-social support and health programs, which were lost after the school’s destruction. ### 2024 events **On April 17, 2024:** The human rights organization, Haqel: In Defense of Human Right, petitioned the Israeli High Court to instruct the army to protect five Palestinian communities from displacement threats and allow displaced families from Khirbet Zanuta to return, where the Israeli state attorney, in a February 20 response, claimed that no forced displacement had occurred in Khirbet Zanuta. ### **On March 1 : provocation and fabicated incident** A fabricated Car-Ramming Incident in Zanuta highlights a staged provocation by settlers to delegitimize activists documenting illegal outpost construction. - Activists arrived to document settlers establishing an outpost on Zanuta’s land, from which residents had been expelled twice before. Settler Ilai Federman staged a fake car-ramming incident, dramatically lying on the ground and falsely claiming he was hit. - **Settlers and Soldiers Escalate Tensions** – Despite obvious inconsistencies in Federman’s claims, settlers and soldiers arrived, declaring it an attack. Meanwhile, settlers used the chaos to expand their presence, intimidate activists, and push them off the land. - **Repeated Tactics of Misinformation** – Federman has a history of staging similar incidents to falsely accuse activists. The detained driver was released after questioning, proving authorities did not believe the accusations. The real purpose of such staged incidents is to generate misleading headlines that support settler expansion and discredit human rights activists, aiding the broader goal of displacing Palestinian communities. [Source https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/04/17/west-bank-israel-responsible-rising-settler-violence]